The College of Marxism is Chengdu University's department of ideological and political theory teaching, the institution of Marxist theory teaching and research, and the supporting unit of the discipline of Marxist Theory. It has developed from the Marxism-Leninism Teaching and Research Section of Chengdu University established in 1978. In 1987, the Department of Political Science was established on the basis of the Marxism-Leninism Teaching and Research Section, with the specialty of Ideological and Political Education. The specialty of Political History was set up in 1988 and the specialty of Hotel Management in 1989. In 1992, the former Department of Political Science was renamed as the Department of Political Economy, with the specialties of Public Relations and Marketing and Commercial Art (Including Advertising) added. In 1993, the Department of Political Economy was renamed as the Department of Commerce and Economics (Marxist-Leninist Teaching and Research Section), and the specialty of Tourism Development and Management was added. In May 1998, the specialty of Political History stopped enrolling students, and the related specialties of the former Department of Commerce and Economics were moved into other departments when the university established the Department of Economics and Law on the basis of the Marxism-Leninism Teaching and Research Section and the Moral Education Teaching and Research Section, and set up a Legal Affairs specialty (junior college). In 2003, it began to recruit undergraduate law students. In 2006, the university established the College of Economics, Political Science and Law, set up the Department of Ideological and Political Affairs, the Department of Law and the Department of Economics, offered a new undergraduate specialty of International Trade, and took in the specialty of Finance at the same time. In 2010, it cooperated with Xihua University to train postgraduate students majoring in Marxism with Chinese Characteristics. In March 2011, according to the requirements of the central government to implement the "Marxist Theoretical Research and Construction Program", the university decided to set up a political College. In April of the same year, the university abolished the College of Economics, Political Science and Law, and the Department of Economics was transferred to the College of Economics and Management. On May 4, 2018, the university decided to set up College of Marxism.　

The College has 58 faculty members. Among them, there are 16 professors and 25 associate professors. More than 90% of the teachers have a master's degree or above. There are 2 master supervisors and 1 famous teacher in Sichuan Province. The College has five sections and one center, including the teaching and research sections of Basic Principles of Marxism, Mao Zedong Thoughts and Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis, Outline of Modern and Contemporary Chinese History and Situation and Policy, and the Experimental Center.　　

The College has two provincial quality courses, one municipal quality course and four university-level quality courses, and has won one first prize and one third prize for Outstanding Teaching Achievements in Sichuan Province, and more than 10 second prizes and third prizes for Outstanding Achievements in Philosophy and Social Sciences from the Ministry of Education, Sichuan Province and Chengdu.

The College is one of the six theoretical fronts in Chengdu. It owns Chengdu Municipal Key Research Base of Philosophy and Social Sciences, a departmental-level scientific research base; the Research Center of Party Building and Ideological and Political Education co-founded with the Education Bureau of Chengdu for Chengdu's Universities, Secondary and Primary Colleges, and 4 university-level scientific research platforms, namely, the Research Center of Urban and Rural Development, the Research Center of Clean Government Culture Construction, the Research Center of Student Development, and the Research Center of Chengdu's Situation, which can play the role of consulting politics and educating people by serving local governments in decision-making. In recent years, it has won more than 100 projects at the provincial and ministerial levels and above, published more than 80 papers in Chinese core journals nationwide, and published more than 30 books in publishing institutions such as Joint Publishing and People's Publishing House. The discipline of Marxist Theory is the key construction discipline of the university.